Study of Validity and Reliability of the Korean Complex Figure Test

Kim, T Y; Kim, S Y; Sohn, J E; Lee, E A; Lim, B H; Ihn, Y K

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Original Article

Journal of the Korean Geriatrics Society 2005;9(1):30-38.
Published online March 31, 2005.

Study of Validity and Reliability of the Korean Complex Figure Test

T Y Kim, S Y Kim, J E Sohn, E A Lee, B H Lim, Y K Ihn

Korean Complex Figure Test의 타당도 및 신뢰도 연구

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Complex figure test is useful in evaluating visuospatial perception and construction and visual memory function. The Rey Complex Figure Test (R-CFT) was widely used in evaluation of dementia patients. But, it was difficult to evaluate the elderly individual with low educational level and more progressed dementia patients. So we developed new tool named the Korean Complex Figure Test (K-CFT).
METHODS
The K-CFT was relatively easy consists of 9 parts and 22 subscales and total score was 30. Main structure were circle and crossed lines with black thick line. This study used the R-CFT to assess and compare the K-CFT in nineteen probable alcohol related dementia patients and nineteen normal aged control. All subjects received the Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) and the R-CFT and the K-CFT copying, immediate recall, delay recall, recognition. We tested reliability and validity of the K-CFT. Also we enrolled normal adult aged from 41 to 80 year old for evaluating change of the K-CFT test with age.
RESULTS
The K-CFT copying score well correlated with K-MMSE 0.66(p<0.01). The K-CFT and the R-CFT were related in copying 0.68(p<0.01), immediate recall 0.82(p<0.001), delayed recall 0.82(p<0.001). The internal consistency were 0.92~0.96(Cronbach's alpha). There was significant difference in the K-CFT score between alcohol related dementia patients and normal subjects as in the R-CFT score. Copying score of the K-CFT was not differ but copying time increased in old age group above 71.
CONCLUSION
The K-CFT has excellent reliability and validity. It takes less time and easy than the R-CFT. So the K-CFT is a good test for evaluating visuospatial perception and construction and visual memory function in low educational level of older people and more progressed dementia patients.

Key Words: Complex figure test, Dementia, Neurosychology

초 록

연구배경: 시공간지각력 및 구성능력을 평가하기 위한 검사도구로 Rey Complex Figure Test가 국내에서 많이 사용되고 있다. 하지만 인지장애가 어느 정도 진행된 경우나 학력이 낮은 고령의 노인의 경우 검사가 어려운 경우가 많다. 따라서 비교적 단순하고 쉬운 그림으로 시공간 구성능력과 시각기억 능력을 검사하기 위한 도구로 Korean Complex Figure Test(K-CFT)를 개발하고 타당도와 신뢰도를 조사하였다.

방법: 알코올관련 치매로 진단받은 19명의 환자와 19명을 정상 대조군을 대상으로 K-CFT의 따라그리기와 소요시간, 즉시회상, 지연회상, 재인검사 차이를 조사하였고, 41세부터 80세까지의 정상 성인을 대상으로 나이에 따른 K-CFT 수행능력 차이를 조사하였다.

결과: 내적 일치도 Cronbach's alpha가　0.93∼0.96(p<0.001)으로 매우 높았다. 검사자간 신뢰도는 0.94∼0.99(p<0.001)로 매우 높았다. K-CFT와 R-CFT의 상관관계도 0.68∼0.84(p<0.001)로 세부 검사간의 상관관계도 높아 공존타당도가 높았다.

결론: K-CFT는 타당도와 신뢰도가 높으면서 R-CFT에 비하여 쉽고, 검사시간을 단축할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 따라서 K- CFT는 R-CFT를 시행하기 힘들거나, 학력이 낮거나 고령의 노인에서도 검사가 가능한, 시공간 구성능력과 시각기억을 검사할 수 있는 좋은 방법이다. 앞으로 많은 수를 대상으로 한 정상규준에 대한 연구 그리고 알쯔하이머병 환자와 정상인을 비교하는 추가적인 연구가 필요하다.

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