| Muscle Cramps in Old Adults: Clinical Features and Pathophysiology |
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Joong Hoon Lee, Jae Young Lim |
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Department of Rehabilitation, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. drlim1@snu.ac.kr |
| 노인에서의 근 경련의 임상 양상 및 병인에 대한 고찰 |
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이중훈⦁임재영 |
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서울대학교 의과대학 재활의학교실 |
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| Abstract |
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Muscle cramps are defined as painful, spasmodic, involuntary skeletal muscle contractions during or immediately after physical exercise. Muscle cramps have a typical clinical presentation, as the definition and the diagnosis is made based on a typical history together with the findings on clinical examination. Muscle cramps are self-extinguishing within seconds to minutes or relieved by stretching, and is often accompanied by a palpable knotting of the muscle. Old adults are prone to get muscle cramps, which may occur in patients with diseases, but also occur often in healthy subjects with no history of nervous system or metabolic disorders. Comorbidity and multiple medications, including diuretics due to an underlying disease, can be a part of the reason in old adults. We reviewed articles regarding the etiology of muscle cramps and introduced a new hypothesis of 'altered neuromuscular control', which has been documented recently. |
| Key Words:
Age, Percutaneous nephrolithotomy, Staghorn calculi |
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